But in January and February, the season of Theyyam, festivity blossomed in that little house. He was fascinated by the bright colours painted on the faces and bodies of his kin, who danced dressed like Gods. For generations, Vannans performed Theyyam, a ritual art popular in northern Kerala and parts of Karnataka. Here, the artist is believed to be enchanted by the Gods and he dances in front of the deity, as he narrates folklore and criticises the upper castes for their purported cruelty.
theyyam ritual dance in front of crack
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This Bhuta/Theyyam breastplate - part of a costume worn during the ritual dance of coastal Karnataka and the North Kerala region is hand-carved out of a single block of wood with motifs of serpents and other tribal elements hand-painted on it. These are repainted once every few years during festivals.
Theyyam is a very popular ritualistic form of dance worship practised in North Kerala. It is a form of worship that has been around for several thousand years. People of these North Kerala districts consider Theyyam itself to be God. The performers of Theyyam are mostly from lower communities. It is also a form of ancestor worship. This custom of Theyyam is very similar to Bhuta Kola followed in Tulu Nadu districts of South Karnataka. Both have the same tribal origins where spirits are worshipped and there are priests or oracles who impersonate and moderate between the tangible and the intangible.
There are about 456 types of Theyyam. Theyyam is performed by males, except the Devakoothu theyyam. It is the only Theyyam ritual performed by women. It is performed only in the Thekkumbad Kulum temple(Kerala).
But it was the Theyyam dancers who were the stars of the parade. Wearing their enormous blood-red masks and blood-red costumes and red face-paint, Theyyam dancers are the manifest forms of deities on earth. In Peyad on Sunday, they were re-enacting a thousand-year-old ritual worship in praise of heroes or warriors.
One of the most famous ritual art forms of Kerala is Pulikali or the Tiger Dance. This dance is performed during the Onam festival, which celebrates the harvest season. The dancers dress up as tigers and perform a lively dance that is accompanied by music and drums.
Another popular ritual art form of Kerala is Kathakali, which is used to dramatize traditional Hindu stories. Kathakali performances are often very elaborate, with dancers wearing heavy makeup and costumes.
From Kanyakumari it is a 250 km ride to Madurai. We've made it...barely. After over 10,000 km on the road over the past three months, our bodies are aching in places we didn't know could ache. The two-wheeled machine which has been transporting us all this time is "exhausted" too. It experienced another "major injury" - another crack right through the middle of its chasis on the way to Madurai, but somehow we managed to pull through to our destination. Madurai is a fascinating city. My short time here would not do it any justice. However, I decided to at least have a peek at it, rather than to simply pass it by. Parts of the city are particularly photogenic. The fruit and vegetable market inside the city is as bustling and challenging to photograph as the fish market in Kollam. I came to this place every morning, I suppose more to absorb the atmosphere than to create any compelling images. Later in the mornings I'd go to the temple, the most famous temple in all of south India and arguably the finest example of Dravidian architecture - the Sri Menakshi. To my huge disappointment there was restoration work being done to the Sri Menakshi during my visit. Its giant, elaborately decorated towers were covered with faded, dry palm leaves. I was left only with post card images of what it looked like and my imagination of how it may look after the restoration. Thankfully the inside of the vast temple grounds was very much intact and buzzing with religious activity. I have a strange feeling in Hindu temples; it is as if I am both - a complete alien and totally at home there. All the rituals, the hundreds queuing up for darshan (blessing) or prashad (blessed food) and bowing to the Gods carved out of stone; on the surface none of it makes much sense to someone like me. I'm not religious by any stretch of the imagination, in fact I'd say I'm anti-religious at times, but the essence behind every religion is very human and when I think of that, I, as a human being can connect with it. I feel that behind the multitude of layers, the rituals at Hindu temples or for that matter any sites of worship, stand two universal factors - misery and hope. Misery and hope go hand in hand in and around the Sri Menakshi Temple. A poor farmer's family spends the night on the pavement by a make-shift fire, a deformed man begs for money, a newly-wed couple makes an offering and the fat businessman who has "made it" bows down to the Shiva statue - there is a degree of hope and misery that drives all of these people. They plead for a better life, money, happiness, forgiveness and they all hope that they will be heard by the divine. There isn't an individual in the world that doesn't suffer or hope. And as for surrendering to the divine, if it's not God that a person looks to, it's love, work, alcohol, drugs. The essence remains the same, only the layers around it change. Knowing this makes me feel at ease about the blanks in my knowledge of Hinduism. I can fill in those blanks. What makes me comfortable is the fact that those in the temple are humans, before they are anything else. Their actions are a manifestation of their cultural upbringing, but these actions are driven by the same misery and hope that I and every other human feel.We spent three days in Madurai. Our next stop is Bangalore. How we have to get there is another story.
Thrissur - the cultural capital of Kerala, but just where do you begin to look for the culture? The Keralan towns I've come across are nothing like those of North India. The culture is not on display for you, you don't see turbaned men and traditionally dressed women with tribal tattoos walking the streets, as you do in Gujarat and Rajasthan, even in parts of Delhi. You have to dig a little deeper and the government run Thrissur tourist office was where I began digging. Good idea, although the tourism officers could not provide me with any practical information on where to find a festival or see Kathakali, they did direct me to the right person - Mr C.A. Menon, an charismatic, white-bearded gentlemen, somewhat eccentric and passionate about his culture and sharing it with anyone interested. As he sat on his antique reclining chair and I on his antique hanging bed, that used to belong to a Sultan, he spoke with excitement about a festival that was to take place at Guruvayoor, in an ancient Krishna temple 30 km form Thrissur. "This only happens once a year! You are very lucky! There will be elephants and an oracle who will get into a trance and throw colorful powder on himself! This is a ceremony to appease the Goddess Kali! It will be very special!" And so we rode Guruvayoor. The procession was in full swing, deafening music, even more deafening fire crackers, an oracle, who threw all sorts of things on himself - red powder, yellow powder, rice and various vegetables and there were elephants. They swayed from side to side and flapped their ears, looking rather sad and bored by the happenings. When all was finished, we didn't quite know what to make of everything. The next day Mr Menon sent us to see another procession, unfortunately it didn't leave a positive impression on us. The peak of this procession came when five elephants, some as big as a bus reached the temple. A few hundred men, drunk out of their minds, cheered, danced, sang and threw rice (a ritualistic thing) at the beasts. These elephants again swayed and flapped their ears to the mayhem around them, while the mahouts occasionally poked and hit them with thin sticks. I thought that at any minute I could witness a "When animals attack!" moment, but somehow these magnificent creatures kept their cool and didn't stomp on anyone.When I saw Mr Menon again, he asked me what I thought. I didn't have the heart to tell him, so I simply told him that the processions were an amazing spectacle, which they were. The same night Mr Menon gave us the location of a performance of an ancient form of Kathakali - a classical dance, which Kerala is world-famous for. The make-up part and the preparations were even more impressive than those I had witnessed at the Theyyam performances, but, and I don't mean to be an ass and seem like I am winging, after watching Theyaam - the somersaults, the fire-walking and the biting off of chicken heads, the subtle movements of Kathakali almost put me to sleep. Call me ignorant, uncultured, whatever - Kathakali just ain't that exciting. That doesn't mean that it's not photogenic, it is, extremely (which I think the images suggest) but the part behind the scenes is really the only thing that captivated me. Now, my opinions don't mean that what I've seen is not worth seeing, I guess it's just better not to expect any "magic".The day after the Kathakali we would see another elephant procession. This one would take place at night and could potentially be more colorful and bright than the first two we had seen. It was, and we got to see the elephants getting dressed up for their "big moment". With the fear that the elephant could get pissed off at my dear wife when the flash in a soft-box sets off I asked the mahouts whether it was OK to use our little set-up while photographing, they said it was. We took a few shots, but we were feeling a little down. Tanya in particular wanted to see elephants and get close to them, and now when she did, they were in chains, swaying and flapping their ears, their tiny eyes looking sad and lifeless (perhaps that's just how they look). When the time for the ceremony came, the firecrackers exploded in a very loud collective bang, the music started and the elephants began to sway, feeling like we had seen all that we wanted to see it was time for us to leave.My stay at Thrissur wasn't disappointing, it just wasn't amazing. There was even a bit of "magic" in a place that I discovered accidentally - a Vedic school, in a 500-year-old building. Here thirty children spend most of their days chanting Vedas. From my understanding Vedas are Hindu scriptures that contain all sorts of wisdom. The children that come here belong to a particular cast of Keralan Brahmins, which is responsible for chanting the Vedas, like hymns, during various religious functions. This part of the Hindu culture was on the verge of extinction, but it seems that in the past decade the parents' interest to send their children to the school and spend four years learning how to chant has been renewed. One of the teachers explained: "Eight to twelve is the crucial age, if the Vedas and the way to chant them are imprinted in the boys' minds at this stage of their lives, they will never forget. My Guru learned to chant when he was a young boy like them, then he stopped for fifty years. After retiring he returned to the temple where he learned as a child and with a little practice it all came back to him." The amazing thing is that the chants can last for an entire day and nothing is written down. The words, along with countless tones are memorized, and it has been like that for as long as anyone can remember. It was hard to get any detailed explanation of what the whole purpose of the chanting was, but the scene was otherworldly. The sound of the chanting and the sight of young students in traditional dhotis against the ancient, weathered building made you feel like you are in a totally a different time. 2ff7e9595c
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